NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - then the craze for the low-fat diet has led some doctors worry that Americans would rather begin to eat too many carbohydrates, a new study suggests that eating low in fat is not to increase the health risks has fueled carbohydrates.
Instead, if the additional carbohydrates are the framework of a plan of food which includes more fruits, vegetables and whole grains, the risk of diabetes - the major of related health concern - could actually decrease, at least among elderly women, with the conclusions.
However, a regime low in fat, high carbohydrate content could create problems in people who already have diabetes, researchers caution.
"Usually when people reduce the fat in the diet they replace by carbohydrates," study author Dr. James Shikany told Reuters Health. "There was some concern that the increased carbohydrate intake may lead to otherwise increased diabetes itself... of changes which, over time, could lead to diabetes."
"We said women to reduce their fat material consumption for a long time and we didn't really know the possible effects, which would have" diabetes, added Shikany, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
The results suggest that the balancing of two diabetes and other disease risks requires considering the types of carbohydrates, fats and protein we eat, researchers, said, rather than simply reduce the Group food and eat more than another.
The study, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, included a group of approximately 2 300 postmenopausal women who were part of the Initiative of women health of the trial, which dealt with the effect of the therapy diet and hormone on the risk of disease.
Approximately 900 women, selected randomly, have been encouraged to reduce their total fat intake that fat accounted for approximately 20% of the calories in the diet. For a 2,000 calorie diet, this would mean that eating 44 grams of fat each day.
Under the new diet, women were also said to increase the number of fruit, vegetables and grain portions that they ate, and they attended regular sessions with nutritionists to help do so.
The other 1 400, used as a comparison group, women were not given any extra nutritional guidance or told to change their diet.
Researchers followed women for the next six years with surveys on diet and exercise and also tested their blood for the levels of sugar and insulin in search of diabetes or its warning signs.
On average, women in the low fat group, said that they have between 25 and 29 percent of their calories from fat in follow-up investigations. Than 36 to 37% in the group without intervention of the diet.
The U.S. Government guidelines suggest adults get between 20 and 35 percent of their calories from fat.
Diet group ate also generally less of total calories and more fruits, vegetables, cereals and sugar that the comparator group, on average.
After 1 year, women on the low fat diet lost more weight than the comparison group and had bigger their sugar decreases in blood and insulin levels. By age 6, the groups looked like on these measures. Who told researchers that the diet low in fat, high carbohydrate content had not increased opportunities for women of diabetes.
However, in women who already had diabetes at baseline, those on the low fat diet had a greater increase in blood sugar levels in the first year than women who did not change their diet. This could be because people with diabetes had lost the ability to handle additional carbohydrates, said Shikany.
Carbohydrates are "clearly not a poison,", said Dr. David Jenkins, Chief of Clinical Nutrition and the Centre of Modification factor of risk to the Toronto St. Michael's Hospital. "If it is ingested wisely (they) useful."
However, in General, "we've gone from a diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol and was not as good (to) a scheme which was just as tasty, but relying on carbohydrate of refining in particular" ups the risk of obesity and diabetes, Jenkins, who was not involved in the research, told Reuters Health.
Refined carbohydrates include bread white and rice and sweet drinks and snacks.
Jenkins stated that obtaining more fats and proteins from plant, as sources by eating beans or adding bread peanut butter or hummus is a good way to prevent diabetes and heart disease.
Now, doctors usually recommend a diet that is full of healthy, non-gras saturated, rather than one that attempts to reduce all fats, Shikany said - but that does not mean that the new data is not useful.
"Type, things have changed, but still there are a lot of (doctors) which recommends a low fat diet and people who are on these diets," he said. "I think certainly it is a very safe diet, but the question is, is the best regime?
Mary Gannon, University of Minnesota, stated that a diet low in carbohydrate and higher in fat and protein can actually help people feel more complete early - which could lead to a loss of weight over time. Men with diabetes, that she studied, men had improved most markers of diabetes when they are the smallest percentage of their calories from carbohydrates.
Shikany added that because the research has been limited to women aged 50 years and more, his conclusions not necessarily apply to men or young women on a low fat diet.
SOURCE: http://bit.ly/ktCLuv American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, online may 11, 2011.
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